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高考英语全国卷Ⅰ完形填空解析
完形填空题是考查考生在阅读理解的基础上对词汇在具体语境中的综合运用能力。它要求考生通读短文,掌握文章的大意,综合运用所学词汇知识,借助语法基础知识,从所给的选项中选出最佳选项,使短文结构完整、意思通顺、自然连贯。
今年全国卷I的完形填空题总体上比去年容易,大多数考生感到做起来比较顺手。短文以第一人称讲述了“我”被侦探误以为是嫌疑人而被盯梢到饭店并遭遇窥视,最后被饭店人员证实自己是无辜的而险些陷入麻烦的故事。所选材料为记叙文,结构严谨、层次分明、故事情节丰富、推理性强,这与学生学过的探案推理文章极为相仿,多数考生通过第一遍通读短文后,能够把握文章的脉络、理解文章的大意,为下一步的逐空完形做好了铺垫。
下面对今年的高考英语完形填空题逐题做一解析,使读者明白解题的思路(注:保留原试题序号)。
One afternoon I was sitting at my favorite table in a restaurant, waiting for the food I had ordered to arrive. Suddenly I 36 that a man sitting at a table near the window kept glancing in my direction, 37 he knew me. The man had a newspaper 38 in front of him, which he was 39 to read, but I could 40 that he was keeping an eye on me. When the waiter brought my 41 the man was clearly puzzled (困惑) by the 42 way in which the waiter and I 43 each other. He seemed even more puzzled as 44 went on and it became 45 that all the waiters in the restaurant knew me. Finally he got up and went into the 46 . When he came out, he paid his bill and 47 without another glance in my direction.
I called the owner of the restaurant and asked what the man had 48 . “Well,” he said, “that man was a detective (侦探). He 49 you here because he thought you were the man he 50 .” “What?” I said, showing my 51 . The owner continued, “He came into the kitchen and showed me a photo of the wanted man. I 52 say he looked very much like you! Of course, since we know you, we told him that he had made a 53 .” “Well, it’s really 54 I came to a restaurant where I’m known.” I said. “ 55 ,” I might have been in trouble.”
36. A. knew B. understood
C. noticed D. recognized
37. A. since B. even if
C. though D. as if
38. A. flat B. open
C. cut D. fixed
39. A. hoping B. thinking
C. pretending D. continuing
40. A. see B. find
C. guess D. learn
41. A. menu B. bill
C. paper D. food
42. A. direct B. familiar
C. strange D. funny
43. A. chatted with B. looked at
C. laughed at D. talked about
44. A. the waiter B. time
C. I D. the dinner
45. A. true B. hopeful
C. clear D. possible
46. A. restaurant B. washroom
C. office D. kitchen
47. A. left B. acted
C. sat down D. calmed down
48. A. wanted B. tried
C. ordered D. wished
49. A. met B. caught
C. followed D. discovered
50. A. was to beat B. was dealing with
C. was to meet D. was looking for
51. A. care B. surprise
C. worry D. regret
52. A. must B. can
C. need D. may
53. A. discovery B. mistake
C. decision D. fortune
54. A. a pity B. natural
C. a chance D. lucky
55. A. Thus B. However
C. Otherwise D. Therefore
【答案与解析】
36. C 作者正在等着上饭的时候,突然注意到(noticed)坐在靠近窗口的一个人不停地朝他这边扫视,引起了他的警觉。know意为“知道,了解,认识,认出”;understand意为“懂,了解,听说,以为”;notice意为“注意到,看到,留心”;recognize意为“认出,认可,承认”。根据句中关键词“Suddenly”可知只有noticed符合语境。
37. D 那个人不停地朝作者这边扫视,好像(as if)他认识作者。since意为“自……以后/以来,因为,既然”;even if意为“即使”;though意为“虽然,尽管”;as if意为“好像,好似”。句中的“kept glancing in my direction”是关键信息。
38. B 那个人在面前展开(open)一张报纸,装作在看报。flat意为“(使)变平”;open意为“展开, 开始, 展现”;cut意为“切,割,剪”;fixed意为“固定,注视”等。根据下文“which he was 39 to read”可知报纸是展开的。
39. C 那个人虽然展开了报纸,但是假装(pretending)在看报。他是在拿报纸作掩护,实际上是在窥视作者。hope意为“希望,盼望,期待”;think意为“认为,以为,预料”;pretend意为“假装,装扮”;continue意为“继续,连续”。从下文“but I could 40 that he was keeping an eye on me.”可知那个人并非真的在看报。
40. A 作者可以看出(see)那个人一直在窥视他。see意为“发觉,注意,看见”;find意为“发现,找到,感到”;guess意为“猜测,推测,认为”;learn意为“获悉,了解,认识到”。该题根据上文意境容易做出判断。
41. D 当服务员为我端来食物(food)时,那个人感到困惑。menu意为“菜单”;bill意为“账单,清单”;paper意为“纸,报纸,文件”;food意为“食物”。从第一段第一句中的“waiting for the food I had ordered to arrive”可知答案。
42. B 那个人对我和服务员之间闲谈(chatted with)的那种常见的或听惯的(familiar)方式感到困惑。direct意为“直接的,直率的”;familiar意为“常见的,听惯的,熟悉的”;strange意为“陌生的,奇怪的”;funny意为“有趣的,好笑的,滑稽的,古怪的”。服务员和顾客之间简短的闲谈在服务场合是司空见惯的,由此常识可做出判断。
43. A 参考第42题。chat with意为“与……聊天,与……闲谈”;look at意为“看着,考虑”;laugh at意为“嘲笑,漠视”;talk about意为“谈论,讨论,议论”。因为作者常去那家饭店,对那里的人和环境都比较熟悉,和服务员之间的闲聊是常有的事。
44. B 时间(time)一分分地过去,那个人好像感到更加困惑。as time went on表示“时间渐渐的过去”。那个人对作者和服务员之间的那种闲聊的方式越来越感到怀疑。
45. C 很明显(clear),那个饭店的服务员都认识作者。true意为“真实的,真正的,正确的”;hopeful意为“有希望的”;clear意为“明显的,清楚的,清晰的”;possible意为“可能的”。从第一段首句中的“ ……I was waiting at my favorite table in a restaurant”可知作者是这家饭店的常客,因此,这里所有的服务员都认识他是显而易见的。
46. D 最后那个人站起来走进厨房(kitchen)。从下文“He came into the kitchen…”可知答案。
47. A 那个人从厨房里出来付了账单后,没有再朝作者那边看一眼就离开(left)了饭店。leave意为“离开,动身,剩下”;act意为“行动,扮演”;sit down意为“坐下”;calm down意为“平静下来,镇定下来”。从下文可知侦探弄清作者不是他要找的人时,就离开了饭店。
48. A 我向饭店主人询问那个人想要(wanted)什么。want意为“想要,希望,需要”;try意为“试图,试,试验”;order意为“命令,吩咐”;wish意为“希望,想要”。表示“想要……”时,want后可以直接跟宾语,wish后须加介词for后才能跟宾语。
49. C 侦探原以为作者就是他在寻找(was looking for)的人,于是就跟随(follow)他来到这家饭店。meet意为“遇见,相遇,和……会面”;catch意为“捕获,赶上”;follow意为“跟随,注视,追随,注视”;discover意为“发现,发觉”。侦探发现可疑的人后,往往对其跟踪或盯梢。
50. D 参考第49题。be to beat意为“打算打(败)”;be dealing with意为“在处理,在对付”;be to meet意为“打算会见/迎接”;be looking for意为“在寻找,在期待”。
51. B 作者得知自己被误认为是嫌疑人而被盯梢时,表现出惊愕(surprise)。care意为“注意,照料,忧虑”;surprise意为“惊奇,惊愕,诧异”;worry意为“烦恼,忧虑,苦恼”;regret意为“遗憾,悔恨,抱歉”。句中的“What?”为关键信息词。
52. A 饭店主人坚持(must)说侦探要找的人和作者看起来很像。must意为“坚持要,一定要”;can意为“可能,能够”;need意为“必须,必要”;may意为“可能,也许”。侦探在饭店主人有充足的理由证明作者不是他要找的人时,才肯罢休。
53. B 饭店的人告诉侦探他搞错(mistake)了。make a discovery意为“发现”;make a mistake意为“做错,犯错(误)”;make a decision意为“做出决定”;make a fortune意为“发财,赚(大)钱”。侦探误以为作者是嫌疑人而对其进行跟踪,结果被饭店人员证明侦探搞错了。
54. D 作者到店员认识他的饭店用餐感到很幸运(lucky)。pity意为“憾事,怜悯”;natural意为“自然的”;chance意为“机会,运气”;lucky意为“幸运的,侥幸的”。
55. C 幸亏饭店的人和作者很熟,不然的话(Otherwise),作者也许就陷入了麻烦。thus意为“因而,如此,从而,这样” ;however意为“可是,仍然”;otherwise意为“否则,不然的话” ;therefore意为“因此,所以”。
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