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英语语法用法顺口溜主谓一致
英语语法顺口溜:主谓一致
【导语】英语语法是针对英语语言的语法进行的研究,指英语中语言的结构规律。为了帮助各位同学更准确的记忆英语入门语法,小编特别为大家整理了英语语法顺口溜系列,在此与大家分享~
英语语法顺口溜:主谓一致
主语谓语数一致,就近语法和意义
就近一致
故事:就近有一只猫和三百只老鼠在玩耍,在我看来,或者猫或者老鼠是要死的,可实际上,猫既没有把老鼠吃掉,老鼠也没有把猫整死,在长期的进化中,不仅是猫而且老鼠也知道了友善,他们彼此和谐相处了。不是猫,而是老鼠认为世界该变一变了。
译文:There is a cat and three mice playing in the yard.
解析:there be 句子是倒装结构,其中be的数的变化取决于最临近的一个主语。例如:
Is there a banana and seven apples on the table?
译文:In my view, either cat or mice are to die in the stuggle.
解析:either…or…或者…或者…,连接两个主语时,谓语动词的数随就近的一个。例如:
Either he or I am to be responsible for the accident.
译文:But , to my surprise, neither mice nor cat dies.
解析:neither…nor…既不…也不…,连接两个主语时,谓语动词的数随就近的一个。例如:
Neither his parents nor he is interested in swimming.
译文:In the long run, they have become friendly to each other. Not cat but mice believe the world should change.
解析:not…but….不是…而是…. ,连接两个主语时,谓语动词的数随就近的一个。例如:
Neither the students nor the teacher runs away in the earthquake.
(符合就近原则的结构有there be, not…but…, not only…but also…, or…or…, neither…nor…)
记忆:
就近有个人在叫卖,不是老头而是老太;
不仅卖瓜而且卖菜,或者现钱或者放债,
既没有车也不用秤,只要你笑她就白送。
语法一致
故事:三国时候有一套马车金壁辉煌,它的美吸引了每一个国王,每一个国王,还有他的大臣们不止一次地想拥有这套马车,很多种方法都被他们尝试过了,但艰苦努力都是徒劳,当时有99%的人口都反对把车让给国王,因为只有勇士张飞,才是唯一有资格拥有这辆马车的人。只要这辆马车一跑,就会趟起大量的尘土。
译文:There was a cart and horse in the Three Kingdom Period, which was very splendid.
解析:
由and连接两个名词做主语,不是指同一个人、同一物或同一概念时,谓语动词一般用复数。当and连接两个表示同一个人,同一物或同一概念时,谓语动词常用单数形式,如果名词前要加冠词,往往在第一个名词前才用,第二个名词前不用冠词修饰。常见的有bread and butter, war and peace, a knife and fork, a cart and horse等。如:
(1)Fire and water don’t agree.
(2) The singer and dancer is popular with the young people.
(3) Bread and butter is what they usually have for breakfast.
译文:Every king was attracted by its beauty.
解析:
两个并列名词分别由every,each, many a, no等修饰,做主语时,谓语动词用第三人称单数。如:
(4)Each boy and each girl has an English dictionary.
(5) Many a boy and many girl made the same mistake in the exercise.
(6) No man and no animal is on the moon.
译文:The king, together with his ministers wanted more than once to own the horse and cart.
解析:
主语后面接有with, along with, together with, as well as, rather than, in addition to, like , except, but, including, besides等词构成的短语修饰时,谓语动词的数与前面的主语保持一致。如:
(7)Professor Brown with a group of students was doing experiments at that time.
(8)Our head teacher, along with his students is going to play football this weekend.
译文:Many a way was tried by them.
解析:
“more than one + 单数名词(不止一个……)”,“many a(许多)”虽然表示复数含义,但谓语动词与单数名词保持一致,习惯上用单数。如:
(9)More than one person was present at the meeting.
(10)Many a student has passed the exam.
译文:But hard working was in vain.
解析:
不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或从句做主语,谓语动词用单数。
(11)Seeing is believing. =To see is to believe.
(12)When we’ll go out for an outing has been decided.
译文:99% of the population were against the king’s ownership of the cart and horse.
解析:
百分数(或分数) + of + 可数名词单数(或不可数名词),谓语用单数;百分数 (或分数) + of +名词复数,谓语用复数。
(13)Twenty percent of the workers in the factory are women.
(14) More than 70 percent of the surface of the earth is covered by water.
译文:Zhang Fei was the only one of the people who had the right to own the cart and horse.
解析:
在定语从句中关系代词做主语时,从句谓语动词要与先行词的数保持一致。在先行词前有one of修饰时,从句谓语动词与复数名词保持一致;在先行词前有the only one of, the very one of 等修饰时,从句谓语动词与one保持一致,用第三人称单数形式。如:
(15)The man who wants to see you is waiting for you at the gate.
(16)He was one of the men in the office who were invited to the ball.
(17)He was the only one of the men in the office who was invited to the ball.
译文:Huge quantities of dirt were raised by the cart as long as the horse ran.
large amounts of 和 huge quantities of 后即使跟的是不可数名词,谓语动词也要用复数形式。
(18)Huge quantities of good earth has been blown away in this area.
意义一致
故事:受伤的人们都戴着眼镜,正在看《一千零一夜》的故事,这时,从远处来了一群牛,牛背上驮着家具,这些家具值3万美元,这可是一大笔钱啊。
译文:The wounded were wearing glasses.
解析:
“the + 形容词或过去分词”,如:the rich, the poor, the blind, the old, the injured, the wounded做主语时,表示具体的某类人或事,谓语动词常常用复数形式。如:
The rich make the poor slaves.
The wounded were sent to the hospital at once.
.表示由两部分构成的东西,如:glasses (眼镜) trousers, clothes,pincers, tongs 夹钳 shears,sessiors 剪子。使用这些词做主语时,谓语应该用复数。
若表达具体数目,要借助数量词 pair(对,双); suit(套); a pair of glasses; two pairs of trousers,这时,谓语动词应该用单数。
A pair of glasses is necessary to the near-sighted.眼镜对近视眼患者很有必要。
译文:They are reading “the Arabian Nights”.
解析:
以s结尾,仍为单数的名词,用在句子中做主语时,谓语动词用单数。如:
a. maths,politics,physics等学科名词,为不可数名词,是单数。
b. news 是不可数名词。
c.国家名称the United States,the United Nations,应视为单数。
The United Nations was organized in 1945. 联合国是1945年组建起来的。
d. 以复数形式出现的书名,剧名,报纸,杂志名,也可视为单数。
"The Arabian Nights" is a very interesting story-book.
<<一千零一夜>>是一本非常有趣的故事书。
“New York Times” is a very influencial paper.纽约时报是一份很有影响的报纸。
译文:Just then, a herd of cattle came from the distance, with furniture on their backs, which was worth 30’000 dollars.
解析:
集体名词,以单数形式出现,但实为复数。
如:people police cattle audience jewellery clothing
等本身就是复数,不能说 a people,a police,a cattle,
英文中还有些单词,可以看作是一个整体,这时是单数,也可以看作是很多个体,这时表复数的概念。例如:class(班;全班同学), team(队;全体队员), family(家庭;全家人)等。
My class often wins first in the competition.
My class are all girl students.
The family lives happily.
The family all like potatoes and tomatoes.
以下一些词是不可数名词,在句子中当单数处理。furniture equipment
译文:30’000 dollars is a big sum of money.
解析:
表示时间、距离、金钱、重量等的复数名词或短语做主语时,常常看作一个整体,谓语动词用第三人称单。如
(1)Another three years has passed.
(2) Thirty-six thousand francs is a big sum for the couple to pay off.
英语语法顺口溜:冠词、定冠词和不定冠词口诀和用法
【导语】英语语法是针对英语语言的语法进行的研究,指英语中语言的结构规律。为了帮助各位同学更准确的记忆英语入门语法,小编特别为大家整理了英语语法顺口溜系列,在此与大家分享~
一、定冠词的用法口诀
特指双熟悉,上文已提及;
世上独无二,序数最高级;
某些专有名,习语及乐器。
二、不用冠词用法口诀
下列情况应免冠,代词限定名词前;
专有名词不可数,学科球类三餐饭;
复数名词表泛指,两节星期月份前;
颜色语种和国名,称呼习语及头衔。
一、定冠词和不定冠词的用法详解
1.定冠词the,在以辅音音素开头的词前读作[], 在以元音音素开头的词前读作[], 强调时读作。
例:the table]那张桌子
the animal那只动物
2.定冠词the,基本含义是“这个,那个”,表示特指。
例: the flower 那朵花 the E-mail 那个电子邮件
3.不定冠词a和an,基本含义是“一、一个”,表示泛指。
例:a flower 一朵花 an E-mail 一个电子邮件
二、a和an的区别
a用在辅音音素前,包括以前元音[j]、[w]开首的词前,注意,这里讲的辅音音素指的是发音,不是指辅音字母。
an用在元音音素前(不是元音字母),
例:a hotel [一家旅馆
a knife 一把小刀
a useful tool 一件有用的工具
a university 一所大学
a European country一个欧洲国家
a one-eyed man一个一目失明的人
an hour ] 一小时
an ant 一只蚂蚁
an honour 一种荣誉
an honest boy 一个诚实的男孩
an umbrella 一把伞
an onion一个洋葱
an eye 一只眼睛
an ear [一只耳朵
an English book [ 一本英语书
an egg 一只鸡蛋
an ap 一个苹果
an island 一座岛
an uncle一位叔叔
an old man 一位老人
三、不定冠词
1 表示“一,一个”,用在单数可数名词前
例:There is a picture on the wall. 墙上有一幅图画。
He has an apple in his hand. 他手里拿着一个苹果。
提示:
a. a (an) 虽表示“一个”,但不强调数量,而是强调类别;one则强调数量。
例:I bought a computer. 我买了一台电脑。(不是收音机和电视机)
I bought one computer. 我买了一台电脑。 (不是两台)
Would you like an ice cream? 来一客冰淇淋好吗?(不是别的食物)
She gave one ice cream to them each. 她给他们每人一客冰淇淋。(不是两客)
b. 表示数量对比时,要用one, 不用a(an)。
比:我有一支红铅笔,但是他有三支。
I have a red pencil, but she has three. (误)
I have one red pencil, but she has three. (正)
我只需要一美元,但他给了我两美元。
I only want a dollar, but he has given me two. (误)
I only want one dollar, but he has given me two. (正)
2 表示一类人或物,指同类中的任何一个,a或an不必翻译
例 Even a child can answer this question. 就是小孩子也能回答这个问题。
An elephant is stronger than a horse. 大象比马力气大。
A teacher must be strict with his students. 教师必须对学生严格要求。
3 第一次提到某人或某物
第一次提到某人或某物时,用不定冠词a或an,起介绍作用。
例: A girl wants to see you. 一位姑娘要见你。
On a cold evening a stranger came to my house. 在一个寒冷的晚上,一个陌生人来到我的住处。
4 表示身份、职业
不定冠词用于单数名词前表示身份、职业,尤其用在作表语或补足语的名词前。
例:She is a high school teacher. Her name is Li Fang. 她是一位中学教师,名叫李芳。
The Whites wanted their daughter to be a musician. 怀特夫妇想要他们的女儿成为音乐家。
提示:
表示某个职位在某一时期内只有一人担任,或表示某人的头衔,则不用冠词。
例:He is captain of the team. 他是球队队长。
Zhang Fei, monitor of their class, is good at English. 张飞是他们的班长,英语很棒。
5 用于专有名词前,表示不认识某人
例:A Zhang called you just now. 一位姓张的刚才给你打电话。
A Mr. Smith wanted to see you. 有位史密斯先生想要见你。
6 不定冠词用在表示数量、长度、时间等的计数单位的名词前,表示“每一”
例:We have three meals a day. 我们每天吃三顿饭。
They met each other once a month. 他们每月会面一次。
The car moved 100 miles an hour. 这辆小汽车以每小时100英里的速度行驶。
The envelopes are one yuan a dozen. 信封一打是一元钱。
Amily goes to see her grandmother twice a week. 爱米莉每周去看奶奶两次。
小升初英语必考考点:小学英语形容词比较级顺口溜
小编给同学们总结了小升初必考考点,在我们考试中是经常可以遇到的,希望同学们学习后能有所帮助。更多小升初英语考点尽在。
小学英语形容词比较级顺口溜
比较级是形容词,一好一坏要记牢,
good更好是better, bad更坏是worse
结尾有e只加r,nice变成nicer;
双写目前有三个,bigger, fatter 和hotter
其余全部加er。
小升初英语必考考点:疑问句顺口溜
小编给同学们总结了小升初必考考点,在我们考试中是经常可以遇到的,希望同学们学习后能有所帮助。更多小升初英语考点尽在。
疑问句顺口溜
反义疑问真好变,前后肯否相反地。
有情要用情加主,有be要用be加主。
若是无情又无be,要用do主来代替。
Let's go特殊记,Shall we 提前要牢记。
肯定英汉翻译同,否定英汉翻译异。
100句少儿英语口语让孩子英语顺溜溜
1. Hello! (How do you do?) 你好!
2. How are you?-I’m fine. Thank you. and you? 你好吗?我很好。谢谢,你呢?
3. Good morning / afternoon/evening/night. 早上好/下午好/晚上好/晚安。
4. Excuse me。(sorry. I’m sorry) 打搅一下(对不起/不好意思)
5. Thank you! 谢谢你!
6. You are welcome. 不用谢。
7. How are you today? 今天还好吗?
8. Nice to meet you. 见到你很高兴。
9. What’s your name? 你叫什么名子啊?
10. My name is×××. 我叫×××。
11. What can I do for you? 我能为你做点什么?
12. What’s wrong with you? (What’sthe matter?)你怎么了?(出什么事了?)
13. It’s time for class. 该上课了。
14. Come in please. 请进。
15. Let’s get ready for class! 让我们准备上课吧!
16. Line up please! 排队!
17. Attention please! 立正!
18. At ease. 稍息。
19. Turn life/right! 向左/右转!
20. One bye one please.no pushing. 一个一个来。不要挤。
21. Let’s go back to the classroom. 让我们回教室去。
22. It’time for (breakfast lunch supper/dinner) 该吃早餐了/该吃午餐了/该吃晚餐了
23. Please eat up. Take your time. 把它吃完。慢慢吃。
24. Would you like some rice!来点米饭吧!
25. Help yourself. 请吃,别客气。
26. Please have some fish/vegetables. 吃点鱼/蔬菜吧。
27. Do you want anymore? 还要吗?
28. Anything to drink? 喝点啥?
29. I’d like to drink some milk! 我想喝点年奶!
30. Today we are going to learn some new worlds.今天我们将学习一些新单词。
31. Who wants to try? 谁来试试?
32. Let me try! 我来试试!
33. It’s your turn. 轮到你了。
34. Don’t be afraid/shy! 不要害怕/不要害羞!
35. Try your best! 尽力做/尽力试。
36. Do you understand? 明白了吗?
37. Stand up/sit down.please. 请站起来/请坐下。
38. Listen to me carefully. pease. 请仔细地听我说。
39. Look at me ,please. 请看着我。
40. Watch carefully. 看仔细。
41. What are you going to do tonight? 今晚干啥去?
42. I’m going to Disney’s English Club. 我要去迪士尼英语俱乐部。
43. I’m going to learn Disney’s Magic English. 我去学迪士尼神奇英语。
44. What’s on tonight? 今晚有什么节目?
45. Let’s watch TV. 我们看电视吧!
46. We are going to the Pople’s Prk. 我们要去人民公园。
47. Be quiet.please. 请安静。
48. Stop talking!(Do’t talk.) 别讲话。
49. Don’t worry about it. 不要为这担心。
50. No problem. 没问题。
51. Clap your hands. 鼓撑拍手。
52. Class is over.(Time is up.) 下课了!(时间到了)
53. See you next time.Bye bye! 下次见,再见。
54. Well done! 干得好!
55. You are so smart! 你真聪明!
56. How clever you are! 你真是太聪明了!
57. Let’s have a rest.(take a break) 我们休息一下。
58. It’s time to go to bed. 该睡觉了。
59. It’s time to get up.(Wake up.please。) 该起床了(醒醒)
60. Wash your face/hands/foot. 洗脸/手/脚。
61. Comb your hair. 梳头。
62. Brush your teeth. 刷牙。
63. Come on.Let’s play together. 过来,我们一起玩。
64. Let’s play a game. 我们来玩个游戏。
65. You are getting better and better. 你越来越棒了。
66. You’er making progress everyday. 你每天都在进步。
67. You’re always the best. 你总是最好的。
68. You speak English very well. 你英语说的非常好。
69. Do you like English? (Ilike English very much) 你喜欢英语吗?(我太喜欢英语了)
70. I’mpleased with your spoken English. 你的口语真令我满意。
71. Be brave,please. 请勇敢一点。
72. Have a nice weekend! 周未愉快!
73. Happy birthday to you. (Happy New Year to you) 生日快乐!(新年快乐)
74. Put on your clothes. 穿衣服。
75. Take off your clothes/shoes. 脱衣服/鞋子。
76. Pardon! (I beg your pardon) 什么!请你再说一次。
77. May I speak to×××.Please. ×××在吗?
78. Who is on the line? 你是谁啊?(电话用语)
79. This is OSA. 我是OSA。(电话用语)
80. Welcome to Shiyan. 欢迎来到十堰。
81. Do you like shiyan? 你喜欢十堰吗?
82. People in Shiyan are proud of Wudang Mountain. 十堰的人以武当山为豪。
83. Are you free this afternoon? 今天下午你有空吗?
84. I’m inviting you to Mcdonald’s. 我请你去麦当劳。
85. At what time shall I come? 我什么时候可以过来。
86. Is six o’clock ok with you? 六点可以吗?
87. This way .please! 这边走!
88. Have a good time。(Enjoy yourself) 玩得愉快!
89. The same to you! 你也一样!
90. You are learning fast. 你学得很快。
91. Keep on trying. 不断努力。
92. Put up your hands.please。(Raise your hands,please/hands up) 请举手。
93. Hands down. 放下手。
94. Be careful. (look out) 小心!
95. How are you feeling today? 你今天感觉怎么样?
96. Fine.thanks.and you? 很好,谢谢,你呢?
97. Hope to see you again! 希望能再见到你。
98. Drink some water/tea,please. 请喝水/茶。
99. Which one will you choose? 你要哪个?
100. Goodbye. See you tomorrow/late/next week! 再见。明天见。
少儿英语语法顺口溜:时刻表达记忆口诀
英语时刻表达法记忆口诀:
时刻表达法作用大,衣食住行离不开它。
整点时把点钟数打,时分俱全不好表达。
请记下列几种方法:先时后分莫给弄差。
若要说明几点过几分,可把past和after来抓。
前分后时不能搞差,要说几点几分差, to前分后时来表达。
用英语表达时刻主要有以下两种方法:
直接表示法(先时后分)如:
9 : 25 读作: nine twenty-five
12 : 30 读作: twelve thirty ; twelve-thirty
添加介词表示法(先分后时)如:
( 1 )表示“几点过几分”(在 30 分钟之内),用介词 past ,其结构是“分钟 +past+ 钟点”。如:
5 : 20 读作: twenty past five
11 : 05 读作: five past eleven
( 2 )表示“几点差几分”(相差在 30 分钟之内),用介词 to ,其结构是“分钟 +to+ 下一个钟点”。如:
2 : 50 读作: ten to three
10 : 58 读作: two to eleven
6 : 37 读作: twenty-three to seven
另外需要注意的还有:
( 1 )表示“几点整”,可以用数字直接表示,也可以加上 o'clock 。如:
1 : 00 读作: one o'clock
20 : 00 读作: twenty o'clock
( 2 )表示“几点半”,用 half 。如:
4 : 30 读作: half past four
( 3 )表示“ 15 分钟”,常用 a quarter 。如:
10 : 15 读作: a quarter past ten
2 : 45 读作: a quarter to three
( 4 )表示“在某一时刻”,应该用介词 at 。如:
at five-five 在 5 点 5 分
at three o'clock 在 3 点整
( 5 )对时刻提问时,疑问词一般用 what time 。如:
— What time is it now ?现在几点钟?
— It's twelve fifteen. 12 点 15 分。
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