新概念英语第二册笔记新版:第36课

Lesson 36 Across the Channel 【New words and expressions】（8） record n. 记录 strong adj. 强壮的 swimmer n. 游泳运动员 succeed v. 成功 train v. 训练 anxiously adv. 焦急地 intend v. 打算 solid adj. 固体的，硬的 ★record [5rekC:d] n. 记录；[rI5kC:d] vt. 记录 break the record 破记录 set up a record = make a record 创记录 hold the record = keep the record 保持记录 equalize the recorder 平记录 (equalize [5i:kwElaiz] vt.使相等, 补偿) recorder [rI5kC:dE(r)] n. 录音机 如果同一词音节落在第一个音节的重音, 肯定是名词, 重音落在第二个音节肯定是动词 record [5rekC:d] n. 记录；[rI5kC:d] vt. 记录 present [5preznt] n. 礼物；adj. 现在的；[ pri5zent ] v. 赠送 desert [5dezEt] n. 沙漠；[dI5z\:t] v. 废弃 ★strong adj. 强壮的 as strong as horse 象牛一样壮(马) strong wind 大风； heavy rain 大雨 strong girl (隐示不是很瘦, 结实) strong mind 意志坚强 Out of sight,out of mind. 眼不见, 心不烦 sturdy [5stE:di] adj. 结实的, 强健的 robust [rE5bQst] [rEJ5bQst] adj. 身体结实 (“乐百事” 英文名) strong +运动员 获胜把握比较大，强有力的（“强有力的对手”中的“强有力”就用strong表达) ★swimmer n. 游泳的人, 游泳者 swimmer 确切的意思是游泳者, 游泳的人 strong swimmer 游泳能手 athlete [5AWli:t] n. 运动员(运动会上常说的运动员) swimming athlete 游泳运动员 (这里的“-ing”意为 “用来” ) ★succeed v. 成功 succeed in doing sth. 做……成功 success n. 成功, 成功的人 successful adj. 成功的 be successful in doing sth fail v. 失败 fail to do sth. 做……失败 failure [5feiljE] n. 失败, 失败者, 缺乏, 失灵, 故障, 破产, 疏忽, <美> 不及格 ★train v. 训练 train sb. to do sth. 训练某人做……(教, 而且有让人形成某种技能) teach sb. to do sth. 教某人做……(只是教, 会不会不管) trainer n. 教练； trainee n. 受训的人 training center 训练中心 ★anxiously adv. 焦急 anxious adj. 焦急的 ★intend v. 打算 intend to do sth.＝be going to do sth. 打算做某事 ★solid adj. 固体的, 硬的；n. 固体 ① adj. 固体的 She will not eat any solid food. ② adj. 硬的，结实的，坚固的（指家具、建筑物等） The ice is solid. 冰很硬。 ② n. 固体 【Text】 Debbie Hart is going to swim across the English Channel tomorrow. She is going to set out from the French coast at five o'clock in the morning. Debbie is only eleven years old and she hopes to set up a new world record. She is a strong swimmer and many people feel that she is sure to succeed. Debbie's father will set out with her in a small boat. Mr. Hart has trained his daughter for years. Tomorrow he will be watching her anxiously as she swims the long distance to England. Debbie intends to take short rests every two hours. She will have something to drink but she will not eat any solid food. Most of Debbie's school friends will be waiting for her on the English coast. Among them will be Debbie's mother, who swam the Channel herself when she was a girl. 参考译文 黛比·哈特准备明天横渡英吉利海峡. 她打算早上5点钟从法国海岸出发. 黛比只有11岁, 她希望创一项新的世界纪录. 她是一个游泳能手, 很多人认为她一定能成功. 黛比的父亲将乘一条小船同她一道出发. 哈特先生训练她的'女儿已经多年了, 明天他将焦急地注视着女儿游过这段漫长的距离到达英国. 黛比计划每两小时休息一下. 她将喝些饮料, 但不吃固体食物. 黛比的大部分同学将在英国海岸等候她. 他们当中还会有黛比的母亲, 她本人还是个姑娘时, 也曾横渡过英吉利海峡! 【课文讲解】 1、Across the Channel across 横渡 the Channel＝the English Channel 英吉利海峡(当“C”大写时, 一定是指the English Channel) 2、She is going to set out from the French coast at five o'clock in the morning. set out 出发； set out from… 从某地出发 3、Debbie is only eleven years old and she hopes to set up a new world record. hope to do sth. 希望自己做…… hope that+从句 希望别人做…… set up为“创立，建立”，可以指某个具体的事物，如set up a school；也可以指抽象的，如某个机构、组织等。 set up a new world record 创造新的世界纪录 4、She is a strong swimmer and many people feel that she is sure to succeed. feel (that) +从句 认为……，相信……（宾语从句中的that 可以省略） My parents feel that they can believe in you. be sure to do sth. 一定能够, 必定会（肯定语气比“must”（must + 动词原形，表示一定, 一种推测）强，对某件事情动词有把握） be sure of… (对某件事情, 名词做宾语) be sure that… (对某件事情, 某人做某事有把握) I am sure that I can do sth.＝I am sure of sth.＝I am sure to do sth. I am sure of my success. = I am sure to succeed. I am sure that I can succeed/be successful. 5、Debbie's father will set out with her in a small boat. ...with her 同她一道 by boat ， in a boat乘船 6、Tomorrow he will be watching her anxiously as she swims the long distance to England. will be doing 将来进行时表达将来 as＝when swim + 距离 游过多长距离 All the world will be watching anxiously as the war broke out. We will be watching anxiously as you went (go) out. （牵挂) 7、Debbie intends to take short rests every two hours. rest作“休息”讲时，可以是可数名词，也可以是不可数名词： Today is my day of rest. 今天是我的休息日。 After a long rest, he went on with his work. have(take) a break(rest) 休息 take short rests 休息短时间 every用在表示时间的名词之前时可译为“每”，every two hours 每两个小时 I will plant another tree every three trees. 每隔三棵树我会再种一棵 8、She will have something to drink but she will not eat any solid food. something to drink 可以喝的东西（不定式作定语） have something to eat/read/do 9、Most of Debbie's school friends will be waiting for her on the English coast. most +n. = most of the +n. 大多数的…… most young people / most of the young people will be waiting 将来进行时 I will be right here wating for you. on the coast 在海边 10、Among them will be Debbie's mother, who swam the Channel herself when she was a girl. among [E5mQN] prep. 在……之中, ……之一(三者或三者以上) among them 在他们当中（很多人之中） between them 左右各一个人 限定性定语从句/非限定性定语从句 如果是有逗号的是非限定性定语从句, 没有逗号的是限定性定语从句，非限定性定语从句不可以用that，限定性定语从句少了后面的句子, 这句话意思不完整,非限定性定语从句前面的句子完整, 后面的句子起着补充说明的作用，非限定性定语从句一旦有逗号隔开, 后面的句子和前面的句子关系不紧密, 起补充作用。 Among them will be Debbie's mother. 这句是一个倒装句，正常的语序应为Debbie’s mother will be among them. 倒装句：地点+will+名词 常见的倒装句：Here you are. / Here is my ticket. 全部倒装：地点(介词短语或副词)+动词+名词 倒装句型中如果主语是名词, 放在动词后面, 如果是代词, 放在动词前面, 如Here you are. 在运动场上常用的口语： Well to go. / Well done. / Yea! / Yeah! bingo [5biN^Eu] int.(因出乎意料的成功而表示兴奋的叫声)瞧! Go！ 加油 【Letter Writing】 当书写地址时，常常不写地区或邮区的全称。有时只写名称的一部分或只用大写字母。如：Berkshire写成Berks.，California写成Calif.，North West 3缩写成N.W.3，New York缩写成N.Y.。 【Key structure】 将来时 表示将来的结构： ① be to ② be about to ③ be going to 表将来 ④ intend to do sth.＝be going to do sth. 打算做某事 I intend to have a company. = I am going to have a company. ⑤ plan to do sth. 计划做某事 ⑥ mean to do sth. 打算做某事 : What do you mean to do(intend to do)? ⑦ aim to do sth. 打算做某事 ⑧ I will do sth.＝I intend to do sth. plan to do / mean to do / aim to do / hope to do / want to do 这类词本身没有将来时态, 本身就表示将来, 用一般现在时表示将来时 be going to常用于口语中，在正式的书面语中通常用will而不用be going to。在陈述句和疑问句中, 常常可用be going to来替代shall或will。但有时不能用be going to代替shall或will： You will enjoy yourself if you travel by sea. 如果你乘船旅游, 你会玩得很开心的. 在非正式语体下，要表示意图、打算，强调计划和安排，表示说话人也许对即将发生的事预先有所了解时，一般用be going to 而不用will： What do you intend to do at home? I’m going to watch TV. They’re going to be married soon. 如果表示说话时决定去做某事，或者表示建议、请求、肯定或不肯定等含义时，要用will而不用 be going to： You won’t forget to bring something to sleep in, will you? （表示建议） Don’t worry! I’ll bring a sleeping bag. （表示决定） I shan’t be able to look after the baby and cook lunch. （表示肯定） I’ll look after the baby while you cook lunch. （表示决定） Tomorrow will be Tuesday. 【Special Difficulties】 Watch, Look at, Follow Watch (something happening) 观看 (正在发生的事情)，注视，注意看 Do you have to watch me eating my supper? 你非得看我吃晚饭吗？ How long have you been watching the race? Look at 仔细看，（留意）看 Look at the blackboard. 看黑板。 Follow (go after) 跟随 (走在后面) I followed my mother into the kitchen. 我跟着母亲走进厨房. The dog followed me all the way home. 在特定的时候，follow也可以表示注视，即用目光“跟随”： Have you ever seen a cat follow/watch a bird’s every movement? 你有没有见过猫注视鸟的一举一动？ Solid, Firm, Stable Solid (not liquid) 固体的 (非流体的)，硬的(固体)；结实的，坚固的（指家具、建筑物等） This is a solid table. 这张桌子很结实。 Firm ① (not loose) 稳固的 (不松动)，不会更改的，牢固的 I've fixed that hook. It is firm now. 我把鱼钩固定好了, 现在它很牢固. This table is firm. You can stand on it. ② (not doubtful) (无疑) 表示态度、信念等坚定的、坚决的 He gave me a firm refusal. 他断然拒绝. He is firm about going abroad. 在出国这件事上他态度很坚决。 ③ (not lenient) 严格的，严厉的 You must be very firm with that child. 对那个孩子你一定要非常严格. Stable [5steibl] (often describing character) 坚定的，稳重的, 可靠的，可信赖的（指人的性格）；稳定的，稳固的（指工作、机构、环境等） He is a very stable person. 他是一个性格坚定的人. He is not a very stable person. 他不太稳重/可靠。 I’m glad that you’ve got a stable job now. Exercise 练习 用上面的词填空 : 1 I came to a ______ decision and I will not change my mind. 2 I stood on the bridge and ______ the boats passing by. 3 May I ______ your photograph album? 4 The ice in the pond is so ______ that you can walk to it. 5 I tried to persuade him but he remained ______. 1. firm come to a decision/make a decision 下定决心 come to a conclusion 得出结论 (conclusion [kEn5klu:VEn] n.结束, 缔结, 结论) 2.watched watch sb. doing sth.(句型结构) 3.look at 4.so solid如此的坚硬 The ice in the pond is solid enough to walk on.(不加 “it”) =The ice in the pond is so solid that you can walk on it. The room is clean enough to live in. =The room is so clean that we can live there. 5. firm. (不改变主意的用 “firm” ) 【Multiple choice questions】 3 She is sure to succeed. Many people feel sure ___d___ it. a. to b. for c. in d. of sure of+n；sure to do sth. ；sure that… 4 He will be watching her anxiously ___c___ she swims the long distance to England. a. though meanwhile b. meanwhile c. while d. during as 由于；当……时候（＝when, while） during prep. 在……期间，后面不会加句子 though meanwhile 虽然, 有转折的意思 meanwhile＝at the same time=meantime n. 其间, 其时；adv. 其间 however adv. 然而（副词只能修饰句子或动词, 起修饰作用） 8 Debbie hopes to ___b___ a new world record. a. do b. make c. build d. fix set up a record = make a record 破记录 9 She is sure to succeed. She's sure to be ___a___. a. successful b. success c. succession d. a succession succession [sEk5seFEn] n. 连续, 继承, 继任者, 演替, [农业] 轮栽, 连续性 be +adj. 系表结构 be+n. 前者＝后者 (前者和后者是等号关系)