新概念第二册自学导读 Lessons27

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新概念第二册自学导读 Lessons27

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课文详注 Further notes on the text

1.…the boys put up their tent in the middle of a field.……孩子们在田野中央搭起了帐篷。

in the middle of表示“在……当中”、“在……中间”,既可以用于表示地理位置,又可以用于表示时间或在某个过程当中:

He heard someone shouting in the middle of the night.

午夜前后,他听到有人大声叫喊。

Mary was in the middle of reading when her aunt arrived.

玛丽的姑妈到达时,玛丽正在读书。

in the centre of(在……中部/中央)则一般用于表示地理位置:

Alice Spring is a small town in the centre of Australia.

艾利斯斯普林斯是澳大利亚中部的一个小镇。

2.…they cooked a meal over an open fire.……他们就在篝火上烧起了饭。

open fire指无遮盖的、没有围起来的火,如篝火、盆火等。

3.…they told stories and sang songs by the campfire.……(他们)就围在营火旁讲起了故事,唱起了歌。介词by表示“在……旁边”、“靠近”,通常指距离非常近:Come and sit by me.

过来靠我坐。

There are many trees by the river.

河边有许多树。

4.But some time later it began to rain.但过了一阵子,天下起雨来。

副词 later表示“后来”、“以后”、“过后”:

He told me he would come again later (on).

他告诉我他以后会再来的。

I met her again a few days later.

几天以后我又遇见了她。

5.The stream wound its way across the field and then flowed right under their tent! 那小溪弯弯曲曲穿过田野,然后正好从他们的帐篷底下流过去!

(1)wind表示“曲折而行”时,既可以是及物动词,又可以是不及物动词:

The car wound through the village.

汽车曲曲折折地穿过村子。

The river winds its way through this district.

这条河弯弯曲曲地流经这个地区。

(2)right在此处表示强调,意为“正好”、“恰?薄ⅰ熬汀薄U庵钟梅ǘ嗉?诳谟镏校?

I met him right here.

我就是在这里见到他的。

He hit the man right on the nose.

他正好打中那人的鼻子。

语法 Grammar in use

一般过去时(cf.第3课语法)

在并列句中,各分句在时态上通常要保持一致。在叙述过去发生的事件时,动词基本上都用一般过去时,但有时也会出现过去完成时和过去进行时,它们的同时使用并不违反动词的“一致原则”:

They all leapt out of their sleeping bags and hurried outside. It was raining heavily and they found that a stream had formed in the field.

他们全都跳出睡袋,跑到外面。雨下得很大,他们发现地上已经形成了一条小溪。

由于一般过去时常常表示过去某个特定的时间发生的`事件,因此,它常与when,where等疑问词连用。除了时间状语可以表示特定的时间之外,地点状语也可以暗示或包括特定的时间:

Where did you last see her?

你最近在什么地方见过她?

一般过去时与一般现在时在上下文中同时使用可以表示对比:

词汇学习 Word study

1.smell

(1)vt.嗅,闻:

I love to smell flowers.

我喜欢闻花。

I'm smelling the fish to see if it's all right.

我正在闻这条鱼,看看它是否还新鲜。

I (can) smell something burning.

我(能)闻到什么东西烧焦的气味。
(2)vi.闻起来有……气味,散发……气味:

This fish smells bad.

这鱼馊了。

You smell of soap.

你身上有肥皂味。

(3)n.气味:

I can't stand the smell in this room.

我受不了这房间里的气味。

There is a sweet smell in the air.

空气中有种芳香味。

2.form

(1)vi.形成,产生:

During the conversation ,an idea formed in his mind.

在谈话的过程中,他有了一个主意。

Ice forms when it is cold enough.

如果冷到一定的程度,冰就会形成。

(2)n.形状,外形:

The ice cream is made in the form of a ball.

冰淇淋做成球形。

I don't like the form of the cake.

我不喜欢这蛋糕的形状。

(3)n.表格:

If you want to enter for the competition, you must fill in these forms.

如果你想报名参加比赛,你必须填写这些表格。

3.与put有关的短语动词

在第6课和第7课的语法中,我们学习了短语动词。与put有关的短语动词我们学过 put on和 put out:

I'm putting on my coat.

我正在穿衣服。

…they put out the fire and crept into their tent.

……他们扑灭了篝火,钻进了帐篷。

与put有关的动词短语还有put up, put down, put off, put away等:

(1)put up可以有“建造”、“搭建”、“为……提供膳宿”、“夜宿”等含义,而put up with则表示“容忍”、“忍受”:

They put up their tent in the middle of a field.

他们在田野中央搭起了帐篷。

It's raining heavily. We must put them up tonight.

雨下得很大。我们今晚必须为他们安排住宿。

I can't believe that he can put up with this.

我无法相信他能容忍这件事。

(2) put down有“写下”、“记录下”的含义:

(3) put off可以表示“推迟”、“拖延”:

Do your exercises now. Don't put them off until tomorrow.

现在就做作业。别拖到明天。

The meeting has been put off.

会议推迟了。

(4)put away可以表示“把……收起”、“放好”:

Put these books away, please.

请把这些书收起来。

I have put away all my clothes.

我把我所有的衣服都放好了。

练习答案 Key to written exercises

1.关键句型练习答案

A put up(1.1); was done…cooked (1.2);smelled (1.3);told…sang(1.4);began(1.5);felt(1.5);put out…crept(11.5-6);slept(1.7);woke up(1.8);began shouting(1.8);was(1.8);leapt out(1.9);hurried(1.9);found(1.10);wound(1.10);flowed(1.10)

2.难点练习答案

1 put their toys away 2 put you up

3 put my shoes on 4 put down

5 putting out 6 put up

7 put off 8 put up with

3.多项选择题答案

1d 2c 3d 4d 5d 6b

7a 8d 9d 10c 11c 12c

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